Template:WLAN5GHz

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Template:Anchor 5 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz (802.11a/h/j/n/ac/ax)[edit]

Source:[1]

In 2007, the FCC (United States) began requiring that devices operating on 5.250–5.350 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz and 5.470–5.725 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz must employ dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities. This is to avoid interference with weather-radar and military applications.[2] In 2010, the FCC further clarified the use of channels in the 5.470–5.725 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz band to avoid interference with TDWR weather radar systems.[3] In FCC parlance, these restrictions are now referred to collectively as the "Old Rules". On 10 June 2015, the FCC approved a "new" ruleset for 5 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz device operation (called the "New Rules"), which adds 160 and 80 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz channel identifiers, and re-enables previously prohibited DFS channels, in Publication Number 905462.[4] This FCC publication eliminates the ability for manufacturers to have devices approved or modified under the Old Rules in phases; the New Rules apply in all circumstances Template:As of.[4]

Germany requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.250–5.350 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz and 5.470–5.725 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz as well; in addition, the frequency range 5.150–5.350 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz is allowed only for indoor use, leaving only 5.470–5.725 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz for outdoor and indoor use.[5]

Since this is the German implementation of EU Rule 2005/513/EC, similar regulations must be expected throughout the European Union.[6][7]

European standard EN 301 893 covers 5.15–5.725 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz operation, and Template:As of v2.1.1 has been adopted.[8]

Austria adopted Decision 2005/513/EC directly into national law.[9] The same restrictions as in Germany apply, only 5.470–5.725 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz is allowed to be used outdoor and indoor.

Source for South Africa: [10]

Japan's use of 10 and 20 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz-wide 5 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz wireless channels is codified by Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) document STD-T71, Broadband Mobile Access Communication System (CSMA).[11] Additional rule specifications relating to 40, 80, and 160 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz channel allocation has been taken on by Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC).[12]

In Brazil, the TPC use in 5.150–5.725 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz band is optional. DFS is required only in the 5.470–5.725 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz band.[13]Template:As of, some of the Australian channels require DFS to be utilised (a significant change from the 2000 regulations, which allowed lower power operation without DFS).[14] As per AS/NZS 4268 B1 and B2, transmitters designed to operate in any part of 5250–5350 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz and 5470–5725 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz bands shall implement DFS in accordance with sections 4.7 and 5.3.8 and Annex D of ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute. An independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry in Europe, developing global telecommunications standards. EN 301 893 or alternatively in accordance with FCC paragraph 15.407(h)(2). Also as per AS/NZS 4268 B3 and B4, transmitters designed to operate in any part of 5250–5350 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz and 5470–5725 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz bands shall implement TPC in accordance with sections 4.4 and 5.3.4 of ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute. An independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry in Europe, developing global telecommunications standards. EN 301 893 or alternatively in accordance with FCC paragraph 15.407(h)(1).

New Zealand regulation differs from Australian.[15]

Singapore regulatory – IMDA requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.250–5.350 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz above 100 mW (e.i.r.p.) and below or equal to 200 mW (e.i.r.p.), requires DFS capability on 5.250–5.350 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz below or equal to 100 mW (e.i.r.p.), and requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.470–5.725 below or equal to 1000mW (e.i.r.p.). Operating 5.725–5.850 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz above 1000mW and below or equal to 4000mW (e.i.r.p) shall be approved on exceptional basis.[16]Template:Anchor
Chan-
nel 		Center
Frequency
(MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz) 		Frequency
Range
(MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz) 		10
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		20
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		40
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		80
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		160
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		United
States
FCC
U-NII Band(s) 		United
States
[17][18]		 Canada
[19]		 Europe
[20][21][22][23][24][25]		 Switzerland
[26][27][28]		 Russia
[29]		 Japan[30] India Singa-
pore
[31][16]		 China
[32]		 Israel
[33]		 Korea
[34]		 Turkey
[35]		 Australia
[14]		 South Africa
[10]		 Brazil
[36]		 Taiwan
[37]		 New
Zealand
[15][38]		 Bahrain
[39]
7 5035 5030–5040 10 No No No N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
8 5040 5030–5050 20 No No No N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
9 5045 5040–5050 10 No No No N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
11 5055 5050–5060 10 No No No N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
12 5060 5050–5070 20 No No No N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
16 5080 5070–5090 20 No No No N/A No No No No No No Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
32 5160 5150–5170 20 No No U-NII-1 Unknown Unknown Indoors Indoors Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Unknown Yes Yes Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Indoors
34 5170 5150–5190 40 No No U-NII-1 No No Indoors Indoors Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors Yes No Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors
36 5180 5170–5190 20 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors
38 5190 5170–5210 40 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors Indoors Yes No Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors
40 5200 5190–5210 20 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors
42 5210 5170–5250 80 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors Indoors Yes No No No Indoors Indoors No No Yes Indoors Indoors
44 5220 5210–5230 20 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors
46 5230 5210–5250 40 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors Indoors Yes No Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors
48 5240 5230–5250 20 U-NII-1 Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors Indoors Yes Yes Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors Yes Indoors Indoors
50 5250 5170–5330 160 U-NII-1 and U-NII-2A DFS Indoors/DFS Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS/TPC No No No No Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 No No DFS Indoors Indoors/DFS
52 5260 5250–5270 20 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Yes Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS
54 5270 5250–5290 40 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS/TPC No Indoors No Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS
56 5280 5270–5290 20 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Yes Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS
58 5290 5250–5330 80 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS/TPC No No No Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 No No DFS Yes Indoors/DFS
60 5300 5290–5310 20 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Yes Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS
62 5310 5290–5330 40 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS/TPC No Indoors No Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS
64 5320 5310–5330 20 U-NII-2A DFS DFS Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Yes Indoors Indoors/DFS/
TPC or[note 1]		 Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors DFS DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS
68 5340 5330–5350 20 No No No U-NII-2A Unknown Unknown Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/DFS/
TPC 		Indoors/TPC or [note 1] Unknown Yes DFS/TPC Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Indoors/DFS
96 5480 5470–5490 20 No No No U-NII-2C Unknown Unknown DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No Unknown Yes DFS/TPC Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown
100 5500 5490–5510 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Yes DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
102 5510 5490–5530 40 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
104 5520 5510–5530 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
106 5530 5490–5570 80 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No Indoors/TPC or [note 2] No No DFS DFS/TPC No
108 5540 5530–5550 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
110 5550 5530–5570 40 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
112 5560 5550–5570 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
114 5570 5490–5650 160 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No No No No DFS DFS/TPC No
116 5580 5570–5590 20 U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
118 5590 5570–5610 40 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
120 5600 5590–5610 20 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
122 5610 5570–5650 80 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No No No No DFS DFS/TPC No
124 5620 5610–5630 20 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
126 5630 5610–5650 40 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
128 5640 5630–5650 20 U-NII-2C DFS No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No Yes DFS/TPC No Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
132 5660 5650–5670 20 No U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 1] DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
134 5670 5650–5690 40 No U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 1] DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
136 5680 5670–5690 20 No U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 1] DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
138 5690 5650–5730 80 No U-NII-2C and U-NII-3 DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No DFS/TPC or [note 2] No No No DFS/TPC No
140 5700 5690–5710 20 No U-NII-2C DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 1] DFS/TPC Unknown DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 2] Yes DFS DFS DFS/TPC No
142 5710 5690–5730 40 No U-NII-2C and U-NII-3 DFS DFS DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Unknown DFS/TPC No No No No DFS/TPC or [note 2] No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
144 5720 5710–5730 20 No U-NII-2C and U-NII-3 DFS DFS DFS + SRD (25 mW) DFS + SRD (25 mW) Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors DFS/TPC No No No No DFS/TPC or [note 2] No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
149 5745 5735–5755 20 No U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[40] SRD (25 mW)[40] Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
151 5755 5735–5775 40 No U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[40] SRD (25 mW)[40] Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors Yes No No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
153 5765 5755–5775 20 No U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[40] SRD (25 mW)[40] Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
155 5775 5735–5815 80 No U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[40] SRD (25 mW)[40] Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors Yes No No No No Yes No No Yes Yes DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
157 5785 5775–5795 20 No U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[40] SRD (25 mW)[40] Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
159 5795 5775–5815 40 No U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[40] SRD (25 mW)[40] Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors Yes No No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
161 5805 5795–5815 20 No U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[40] SRD (25 mW)[40] Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
165 5825 5815–5835 20 No No No U-NII-3 Yes Yes SRD (25 mW)[40] SRD (25 mW)[40] Indoors/TPC or [note 1] No Indoors Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
169 5845 5835–5855 20 No No No N/A No No SRD (25 mW)[40] No No No Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No DFS/TPC/
Indoor/Fixed
173 5865 5855–5875 20 No No No N/A No No SRD (25 mW)[40] No No No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No
183 4915 4910–4920 10 No No No N/A No No No No No registration needed Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
184 4920 4910–4930 20 No No No N/A No No No No No registration needed Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
185 4925 4920–4930 10 No No No N/A No No No No No registration needed Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
187 4935 4930–4940 10 No No No N/A No No No No No registration needed Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
188 4940 4930–4950 20 No No No N/A No No No No No registration needed Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
189 4945 4940–4950 10 No No No N/A No No No No No registration needed Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
192 4960 4950–4970 20 No No No N/A No No No No No registration needed Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
196 4980 4970–4990 20 No No No N/A No No No No No registration needed Unknown No No No No No No No No No No No
Channel Center
Frequency
(MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz) 		Frequency
Range
(MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz) 		10
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		20
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		40
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		80
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		160
MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz 		United States
FCC
U-NII Band(s) 		United States Canada Europe Switzerland Russia Japan India Singapore China Israel Korea Turkey Australia South Africa Brazil Taiwan New Zealand Bahrain
Notes:

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Caption

Text Meaning
Yes MAY be used without restrictions.
No SHOULD NOT be used.
Indoors MUST be used indoor only.
DFS MUST be used with DFS regardless indoor or outdoor.
SRD MUST be used with SRD regardless indoor or outdoor.
Indoors/DFS MUST be used with DFS and indoor only.
Indoors/TPC MUST be used with TPC and indoor only.
DFS/TPC MUST be used with DFS and TPC.
DFS + SRD MUST be used with DFS and SRD.
Indoors/DFS/TPC MUST be used with DFS, TPC and indoor only.
registration needed MUST be used only after registration.
Unknown Information not available or defined.
Notes: Template:Cite
China MIIT expanded allowed channels Template:As of to add UNII-1, 5150–5250 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz, UNII-2, 5250–5350 GHzGigaHertz (GHz) 10^9 Hz (DFS/TPC), similar to European standards EN 301.893 V1.7.1.[41]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ IEEE 802.11-2007 Annex J modified by amendments k, y and n.
  2. ↑ Template:Cite web
  3. ↑ Template:Cite web
  4. ↑ 4.04.1 Template:Cite web
  5. ↑ Template:Cite web
  6. ↑ Template:Cite web
  7. ↑ Template:Cite web
  8. ↑ Template:Cite web
  9. ↑ Information of the Austrian Telecommunications Authority – Wireless Local Area Networks (WAS, WLAN, RLAN)
  10. ↑ 10.010.1 Template:Cite web
  11. ↑ Template:Cite web
  12. ↑ Template:Cite web
  13. ↑ Template:Cite web
  14. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Australia-F2015L01438
  15. ↑ 15.015.1 https://www.rsm.govt.nz/cms/licensees/types-of-licence/general-user-licences/short-range-devices
  16. ↑ 16.016.1 Template:Cite web
  17. ↑ Template:Cite web
  18. ↑ Template:Cite web
  19. ↑ Template:Cite web
  20. ↑ Template:Cite web
  21. ↑ Template:Cite web
  22. ↑ Template:Cite web
  23. ↑ Template:Cite web
  24. ↑ Template:Cite web
  25. ↑ http://bowdennetworks.co.uk/downloads/5GHz%20Spectrum%20Usage%20UK%20-%202017%20-%20v1.pdf
  26. ↑ Template:Cite web
  27. ↑ Template:Cite web
  28. ↑ Template:Cite web
  29. ↑ Template:Cite web
  30. ↑ Template:Cite web
  31. ↑ Template:Cite web
  32. ↑ Template:Cite web
  33. ↑ Israel: Template:Cite web
  34. ↑ Template:Cite web
  35. ↑ Template:Cite web
  36. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Brazil
  37. ↑ Template:Cite web
  38. ↑ Template:Cite web
  39. ↑ Template:Cite web
  40. ↑ 40.0040.0140.0240.0340.0440.0540.0640.0740.0840.0940.1040.1140.1240.1340.1440.1540.1640.17 Template:Cite web
  41. ↑ Template:Cite web


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