Very Low Frequency (VLF)

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Click the name of a signal to see more detailed information, possible decoding, and additional sound and waterfall samples

Color Legend
Inactive
(No longer in use)
Active
(Currently in active use)
Status
Unknown or Intermittent
Signal Name Description Frequency Mode Modulation Bandwidth Location Sample Audio Waterfall image
Beta Beta is the designation of a time signal service which is transmitted from multiple Russian VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) stations. 20.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 25.5 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) CWContinuous Wave, OOKOn-Off Keying Modulation 200 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Worldwide Beta time code 3.png
Grimeton Radio (SAQ) SAQ stands as the sole transmitter reliant on an alternating current generator. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, it employs the last operational Alexanderson alternator for RFRadio Frequency production. 17.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave Sweden Saq vvv.gif
ICV ICV is a NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization-operated VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) transmitted located in the island of Tavolara, Sardinia, Italy. 20.27 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 20.76 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) Italy ICV.png
Induction cooker interference RFRadio Frequency interference from nearby induction cooker can sometimes be mistaken for a real LFLow Frequency (30-300 kHz) or VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) transmission. USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) OOKOn-Off Keying Modulation Worldwide Induction cooker pwr5 A.png
Jim Creek (NLK) Jim Creek Naval Radio Station is used by the US Navy to transmit commands to distant submarines. 24.8 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave MSKMinimum-Shift Keying (When Shift/Bd = 0.5. It is impossible to get this ratio to be lower than 0.5, hence it is called the 'Minimum' shift.) 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). United States NLK.PNG
Lightning Sferics VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) RFRadio Frequency emissions from lightning in the atmosphere that can affect up to HFHigh Frequency (3-30 MHz) frequencies and beyond depending on strength. Has a popping crackle sound with both USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) and AMAmplitude Modulation modes of reception. HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). — 30 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz Worldwide Lightening Sfpherics.png
NML Naval Radio Transmitter Facility (NRTF) transmits encrypted commands to submerged US submarines. 25.2 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). United States NMLopt.png
NOV TACAMO (take charge and move out) is the back up communications system to the US nuclear submarine fleet in case an attack on land based transmitters disables them. A rotating fleet of Navy E6 jets equipped with 200 KW transmitters and two 2½-mile-long trailing wire antennas (TWA) at 35,000 ft altitude to provide 24/7 coverage. Short pings are transmitted every few seconds. 26.9 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave Worldwide TACAMO (2).jpg
NPM Naval Radio Transmitting Facility (NRTF) sends encrypted commands to submerged US naval submarines in the Pacific. 21.4 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). United States Lualualei HI (2).jpg
NWC Naval Communication Station (NCS) Harold E. Holt. Used jointly by the Australian and United States navies to transmit encrypted orders to submerged submarines in the Pacific. 19.8 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave FSKFrequency-Shift Keying 300 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Australia HE Holt Australia (2).jpg
RDL RDL is a Russian VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) station located in Krasnodar. It is one of the few VLFVery Low Frequency (3-30 kHz) stations that changes modes during routine transmissions. 18.1 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave FSKFrequency-Shift Keying, CWContinuous Wave-FSKFrequency-Shift Keying Russia RDL FSK.PNG
Radioteknicheskaya Systema Dalney Navigatsii (RSDN-20) RSDN-20, also known as Alpha, is a Russian hyperbolic radio navigation system. Presumed to be used for Russian ships, submarines and aircraft in the northern hemisphere, possibly worldwide. 11.91 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 14.88 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz CWContinuous Wave 20 HzHertz (Hz), unit of frequency, defined as one cycle per second (1 Hz). Russia Rsdn.PNG
Switch-mode power supply interference Switch-mode power supplies, used in many types of electronic devices, can generate RFRadio Frequency noise on wide frequency ranges. 10 kHzKiloHertz (kHz) 10^3 Hz — 200 MHzMegaHertz (MHz) 10^6 Hz USBUpper Side Band Modulation (Radio, referring to reception and modulation mode)Universal Serial Bus (Computer, referring to USB Ports and cables) Worldwide SMPS noise 1.png